Voiceless velar fricative

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Voiceless velar fricative_table_infobox_0

Voiceless velar fricativeVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_0_0
xVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_1_0
IPA NumberVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_2_0 140Voiceless velar fricative_cell_0_2_1
EncodingVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_3_0
Entity (decimal)Voiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_4_0 xVoiceless velar fricative_cell_0_4_1
Unicode (hex)Voiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_5_0 U+0078Voiceless velar fricative_cell_0_5_1
X-SAMPAVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_6_0 xVoiceless velar fricative_cell_0_6_1
BrailleVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_7_0 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_0_7_1
Audio sampleVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_0_8_0

The voiceless velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_0

It was part of the consonant inventory of Old English and can still be found in some dialects of English, most notably in Scottish English, e.g. in loch, broch or saugh (willow). Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_1

The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨x⟩, the Latin letter x. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_2

It is also used in broad transcription instead of the symbol ⟨χ⟩, the Greek chi, for the voiceless uvular fricative. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_3

There is also a voiceless post-velar fricative (also called pre-uvular) in some languages. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_4

For voiceless pre-velar fricative (also called post-palatal), see voiceless palatal fricative. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_5

Features Voiceless velar fricative_section_0

Features of the voiceless velar fricative: Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_6

Voiceless velar fricative_unordered_list_0

  • Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_0
  • Its place of articulation is velar, which means it is articulated with the back of the tongue (the dorsum) at the soft palate.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_1
  • Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_2
  • It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_3
  • It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_4
  • The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.Voiceless velar fricative_item_0_5

Varieties Voiceless velar fricative_section_1

Voiceless velar fricative_table_general_1

IPAVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_1_0_0 DescriptionVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_1_0_1
xVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_1_0 plain velar fricativeVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_1_1
xʷVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_2_0 labialisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_2_1
xʼVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_3_0 ejectiveVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_3_1
xʷʼVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_4_0 ejective labialisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_4_1
x̜ʷVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_5_0 semi-labialisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_5_1
x̹ʷVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_6_0 strongly labialisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_6_1
xʲVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_7_0 palatalisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_7_1
xʲʼVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_8_0 ejective palatalisedVoiceless velar fricative_cell_1_8_1

Occurrence Voiceless velar fricative_section_2

The voiceless velar fricative and its labialized variety are postulated to have occurred in Proto-Germanic, the ancestor of the Germanic languages, as the reflex of the Proto-Indo-European voiceless palatal and velar stops and the labialized voiceless velar stop. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_7

Thus Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥nom "horn" and *kʷód "what" became Proto-Germanic *hurnan and *hwat, where *h and *hw were likely [x] and [xʷ]. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_8

This sound change is part of Grimm's law. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_9

In Modern Greek, the voiceless velar fricative (with its allophone the voiceless palatal fricative ç, occurring before front vowels) originated from the Ancient Greek voiceless aspirated stop /kʰ/ in a sound change that lenited Greek aspirated stops into fricatives. Voiceless velar fricative_sentence_10

Voiceless velar fricative_table_general_2

LanguageVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_2_0_0 WordVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_2_0_2 IPAVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_2_0_3 MeaningVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_2_0_4 NotesVoiceless velar fricative_header_cell_2_0_5
AbazaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_1_0 хьзыVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_1_2 [xʲzə]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_1_3 'name'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_1_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_1_5
AdygheVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_2_0 хыVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_2_2 [xəː (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_2_3 'six'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_2_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_2_5
AlbanianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_3_0 gjuhaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_3_2 [ɟuxɑ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_3_3 'language'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_3_4 Allophone of /h/. See Albanian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_3_5
AleutVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_0 Atkan dialectVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_1 alaxVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_2 [ɑlɑx]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_3 'two'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_4_5
ArabicVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_0 Modern StandardVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_1 خضراء‎Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_2 [xadˤraːʔ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_3 'green' (f.)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_4 May be velar, post-velar or uvular, depending on dialect. See Arabic phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_5_5
AssameseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_6_0 অসমীয়াVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_6_2 [ɔxɔmia]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_6_3 'Assamese'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_6_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_6_5
Assyrian Neo-AramaicVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_7_0 khaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_7_2 [xaː]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_7_3 'one'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_7_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_7_5
AvarVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_8_0 чeхь / ҫeẋVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_8_2 [tʃex]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_8_3 'belly'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_8_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_8_5
AzerbaijaniVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_9_0 xoş / хош/خوش‎Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_9_2 [xoʃ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_9_3 'pleasant'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_9_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_9_5
BasqueVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_0 Some speakersVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_1 janVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_2 [xän]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_3 'to eat'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_4 Either velar or post-velar. For other speakers it's j ~ ʝ ~ ɟ.Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_10_5
BretonVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_11_0 hor c'hiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_11_2 [or xiː]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_11_3 'our dog'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_11_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_11_5
BulgarianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_12_0 тихо / tihoVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_12_2 [ˈt̪ixo (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_12_3 'quietly'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_12_4 Described as having "only slight friction" ([x̞]).Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_12_5
ChineseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_0 MandarinVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_1 河 / héVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_2 [xɤ˧˥]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_3 'river'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_4 See Standard Chinese phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_13_5
CzechVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_14_0 chlapVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_14_2 [xlap]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_14_3 'guy'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_14_4 See Czech phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_14_5
DanishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_0 Southern JutlandicVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_1 kageVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_2 [ˈkʰæːx]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_3 'cake'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_4 See Sønderjysk dialectVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_15_5
DutchVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_0 Standard BelgianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_1 achtVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_2 [ɑxt]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_3 'eight'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_4 May be post-palatal ç̠ instead. In dialects spoken above the rivers Rhine, Meuse and Waal the corresponding sound is a postvelar-uvular fricative trill ʀ̝̊˖. See Dutch phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_16_5
Southern Netherlands accentsVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_17_0
EnglishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_0 ScottishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_1 lochVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_2 [ɫɔx]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_3 'loch'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_4 Younger speakers may merge this sound with /k/. See Scottish English phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_18_5
ScouseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_19_0 bookVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_19_1 [bʉːx]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_19_2 'book'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_19_3 A syllable-final allophone of /k/ (lenition).Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_19_4
EsperantoVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_20_0 monaĥoVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_20_2 [monaxo]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_20_3 'monk'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_20_4 See Esperanto phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_20_5
EyakVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_21_0 duxłVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_21_2 [tʊxɬ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_21_3 'traps'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_21_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_21_5
FinnishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_22_0 kahviVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_22_2 [ˈkɑxʋi]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_22_3 'coffee'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_22_4 Allophone of /h/. See Finnish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_22_5
FrenchVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_23_0 jotaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_23_2 [xɔta]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_23_3 'jota'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_23_4 Occurs only in loanwords (from Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, etc.). See French phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_23_5
GeorgianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_24_0 ჯოხი / joxiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_24_2 [ˈdʒɔxi]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_24_3 'stick'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_24_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_24_5
GermanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_25_0 BuchVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_25_2 [buːx (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_25_3 'book'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_25_4 See Standard German phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_25_5
GreekVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_26_0 τέχνη / téchnîVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_26_2 [ˈte̞xni]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_26_3 'art'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_26_4 See Modern Greek phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_26_5
HebrewVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_27_0 מִיכָאֵל‎/micha'elVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_27_2 [mixaʔel]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_27_3 'Michael'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_27_4 See Ancient Hebrew phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_27_5
HindustaniVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_0 HindiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_1 ख़ुशी/khushii/khushīVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_2 [xuʃiː]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_3 'happiness'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_4 See Hindustani phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_28_5
UrduVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_29_0 خوشی‎/khushii/khushīVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_29_1
HungarianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_30_0 sahhalVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_30_2 [ʃɒxːɒl]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_30_3 'with a shah'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_30_4 See Hungarian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_30_5
IcelandicVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_31_0 októberVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_31_2 [ˈɔxtoːupɛr̥]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_31_3 'October'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_31_4 See Icelandic phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_31_5
IndonesianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_32_0 khasVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_32_2 [xas]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_32_3 'typical'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_32_4 Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Often pronounced as [h] or [k] by some Indonesians. See Indonesian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_32_5
IrishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_33_0 deochVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_33_2 [dʲɔ̝̈x]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_33_3 'drink'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_33_4 See Irish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_33_5
JapaneseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_34_0 発表 / happyōVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_34_2 [xa̠p̚ʲpʲo̞ː]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_34_3 'announcement'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_34_4 Allophone of /h/. See Japanese phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_34_5
KabardianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_35_0 хыVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_35_2 [xəː (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_35_3 'sea'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_35_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_35_5
KoreanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_36_0 흥정 / heungjeongVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_36_2 [xɯŋd͡ʑʌŋ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_36_3 'bargaining'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_36_4 Allophone of /h/ before /ɯ/. See Korean phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_36_5
KurdishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_37_0 xanîVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_37_2 [xɑːˈniː]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_37_3 'house'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_37_4 See Kurdish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_37_5
LimburgishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_38_0 lochVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_38_2 [lɔx]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_38_3 'air'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_38_4 The example word is from the Maastrichtian dialect.Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_38_5
LithuanianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_39_0 chorasVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_39_2 [ˈxɔrɐs̪]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_39_3 'choir'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_39_4 Occurs only in loanwords (usually international words)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_39_5
LojbanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_40_0 xatraVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_40_2 [xatra]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_40_3 'letter'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_40_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_40_5
MacedonianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_41_0 Охрид / OhridVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_41_2 [ˈɔxrit (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_41_3 'Ohrid'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_41_4 See Macedonian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_41_5
MalayVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_42_0 akhirVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_42_2 [a:xir]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_42_3 'last', 'end'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_42_4 Occurs in Arabic loanwords. Often pronounced as [h] or [k] by some Malays.Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_42_5
ManxVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_43_0 aashaghVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_43_2 [ˈɛːʒax]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_43_3 'easy'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_43_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_43_5
NepaliVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_44_0 आँखाVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_44_2 [ä̃xä]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_44_3 'eye'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_44_4 Allophone of /kʰ/. See Nepali phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_44_5
NorwegianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_0 Urban EastVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_1 hatVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_2 [xɑːt]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_3 'hate'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_4 Possible allophone of /h/ near back vowels; can be voiced ɣ between two voiced sounds. See Norwegian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_45_5
PersianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_46_0 دُختَر‎/dokhtarVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_46_2 [dox'tær]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_46_3 'daughter'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_46_4 See Persian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_46_5
PolishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_47_0 chlebVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_47_2 [xlɛp]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_47_3 'bread'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_47_4 Also (in great majority of dialects) represented orthographically by ⟨h⟩. See Polish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_47_5
PortugueseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_0 FluminenseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_1 arteVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_2 [ˈaxtɕi]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_3 'art'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_4 In free variation with χ, ʁ, ħ and h before voiceless consonantsVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_48_5
General BrazilianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_49_0 arrastoVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_49_1 [ɐ̞ˈxastu]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_49_2 'I drag'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_49_3 Some dialects, corresponds to rhotic consonant /ʁ/. See Portuguese phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_49_4
PunjabiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_0 GurmukhiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_1 ਖ਼ਬਰ/khabarVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_2 [xəbəɾ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_3 'news'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_50_5
ShahmukhiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_51_0 خبر‎/khabarVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_51_1
RomanianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_52_0 hramVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_52_2 [xräm]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_52_3 'patronal feast of a church'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_52_4 Allophone of /h/. See Romanian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_52_5
RussianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_53_0 хороший / chorošijVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_53_2 [xɐˈr̠ʷo̞ʂɨ̞j (help·)Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_53_3 'good'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_53_4 See Russian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_53_5
Scottish GaelicVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_54_0 drochaidVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_54_2 [ˈt̪ɾɔxɪtʲ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_54_3 'bridge'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_54_4 See Scottish Gaelic phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_54_5
Serbo-CroatianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_55_0 храст / hrastVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_55_2 [xrâːst]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_55_3 'oak'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_55_4 See Serbo-Croatian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_55_5
SlovakVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_56_0 chlapVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_56_2 [xɫäp]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_56_3 'guy'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_56_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_56_5
SomaliVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_57_0 khadVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_57_2 [xad]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_57_3 'ink'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_57_4 See Somali phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_57_5
SpanishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_0 Latin AmericanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_1 ojoVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_2 [ˈo̞xo̞]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_3 'eye'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_4 May be glottal instead; in northern and central Spain it is often post-velar or uvular /χ/ /h/. See Spanish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_58_5
Southern SpainVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_59_0
SylhetiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_60_0 ꠈꠛꠞ/khabarVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_60_2 [xɔ́bɔɾ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_60_3 'news'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_60_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_60_5
TagalogVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_61_0 bakitVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_61_2 [baxit]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_61_3 'why'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_61_4 Allophone of /k/ in intervocalic positions. See Tagalog phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_61_5
TurkishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_62_0 ıhlamurVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_62_2 [ɯxlamuɾ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_62_3 'linden'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_62_4 Allophone of /h/. See Turkish phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_62_5
TyapVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_63_0 khamVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_63_2 [xam]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_63_3 1. 'calabash'; 2. 'prostitute'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_63_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_63_5
XhosaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_64_0 rhoxisaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_64_2 [xɔkǁiːsa]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_64_3 'to cancel'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_64_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_64_5
UkrainianVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_65_0 хлопець / chlopećVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_65_2 [ˈxɫɔ̝pɛt͡sʲ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_65_3 'boy'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_65_4 See Ukrainian phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_65_5
UzbekVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_66_0 xomaVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_66_2 [xɔma]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_66_3 'date palm'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_66_4 Post-velar. Occurs in environments different than word-initially and pre-consonantally, otherwise it's pre-velar.Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_66_5
VietnameseVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_67_0 khôngVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_67_2 [xəwŋ͡m˧]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_67_3 'no', 'not', 'zero'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_67_4 See Vietnamese phonologyVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_67_5
YaghanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_68_0 xanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_68_2 [xan]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_68_3 'here'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_68_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_68_5
YiVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_69_0 ꉾ / heVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_69_2 [xɤ˧]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_69_3 'good'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_69_4 Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_69_5
ZapotecVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_0 TilquiapanVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_1 mejorVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_2 [mɘxoɾ]Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_3 'better'Voiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_4 Used primarily in loanwords from SpanishVoiceless velar fricative_cell_2_70_5

See also Voiceless velar fricative_section_3

Voiceless velar fricative_unordered_list_1


Credits to the contents of this page go to the authors of the corresponding Wikipedia page: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiceless velar fricative.

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